Chemical Site Preparation

Site preparation that uses the systematic application of herbicides is classified as chemical site preparation treatment. The goal of the process is to control dense or unwanted vegetation that might interfere with the survival and development of seedlings. The application of the herbicide can also inhibit competing hardwood sprout competition. Pines are typically shade-intolerant and flourish when direct sunlight is available. The removal of overtopping vegetation increases the survival of planted seedlings. Herbicides leave a lighter footprint on the site compared to mechanical site preparations. The soil is not physically altered and the risk of erosion is minimal.

Herbicides can be applied through aerial application from a fixed-wing aircraft, from a boom sprayer attached to a helicopter or, in areas where this is not economically or physically possible, herbicides can be applied on the ground. Broadcast spraying from backpacks and tractors are common methods as are direct stem injections of the herbicide through either “hack and squirt” applications using an ax or basal sprays applied to individual stems and stumps. On-the-ground applications are often more time intensive and expensive than aerial spraying but are better suited for smaller areas, stands with sparse competition or in stands where only spot treatment is desired.

A professional forester should be contacted prior to using any herbicide to protect water quality and to make sure that all laws and regulations are followed.